C#WPF实现回溯算法解决八皇后问题
运用C#WPF编程实现了经典的回溯算法解决“八皇后问题”
程序运行演示结果如下：
算法核心代码：
namespace nQueen
{
/// <summary>
/// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
/// </summary>
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
Queen[] queens;
int[] queenPosition;
Boolean[] isEnableColumn;
Boolean[] isEnableLeft;
Boolean[] isEnableRight;
int queenNumber;
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
public MainWindow()
{
queens = new Queen[8];
initAl(8);
InitializeComponent();
//drawGrid(8);
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据皇后数目绘制棋盘函数（暂不使用）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="input">皇后数目</param>
public void drawQueen()
{
for (int i = 0; i < queenNumber; i++)
{
setQueen(i, queenPosition[i]);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化算法数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="number"></param>
public void initAl(int number)
{
queenPosition = new int[number];
isEnableColumn = new Boolean[number];
for (int i = 0; i < number; i++) { isEnableColumn[i] = true; }
isEnableLeft = new Boolean[number * 2 - 1];
for (int i = 0; i < number * 2 - 1; i++) { isEnableLeft[i] = true; }
isEnableRight = new Boolean[number * 2 - 1];
for (int i = 0; i < number * 2 - 1; i++) { isEnableRight[i] = true; }
queenNumber = number;
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置皇后的位置,如果此皇后已经存在则改变皇后的位置
/// </summary>
/// <param name="queenSeq">表示第几个皇后</param>
/// <param name="row">表示皇后所在的行数</param>
/// <param name="column">表示皇后所在的列数</param>
public void setQueen(int row,int column)
{
if (queens[row] != null)
{
GridMain.Children.Remove(queens[row]);
GridMain.UnregisterName("queen" + row.ToString());
}
else
{
queens[row] = new Queen();
}
queens[row].Name = "queen" + row.ToString();
GridMain.Children.Add(queens[row]);
GridMain.RegisterName("queen" + row.ToString(), queens[row]);
Grid.SetRow(queens[row], row);
Grid.SetColumn(queens[row], column);
}
//public void deleteQueen(int queenSeq);
/// <summary>
/// 开始运算按钮事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void button2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
setQueen( 5, 2);
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化按钮事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void startButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
putQueen(0);
drawQueen();
//string output="";
//for (int i = 0; i < queenNumber; i++)
//{ output += queenPosition[i].ToString();
//output += " ";
//}
// MessageBox.Show(output);
}
/// <summary>
/// 放置皇后
/// </summary>
/// <param name="row">放置第N行的皇后</param>
public bool putQueen(int row)
{
if (row == queenNumber) { return true; }
for (int col = 0; col < queenNumber; col++)
{
//判断此列是否可用（列，左对角线，右对角线均为true）
if (isEnableColumn[col] && isEnableLeft[row + col] && isEnableRight[row - col + queenNumber-1])
{
queenPosition[row] = col;
isEnableColumn[col] = false;
isEnableLeft[row + col] = false;
isEnableRight[row - col + queenNumber-1] = false;
if(putQueen(row + 1))return true;
isEnableColumn[col] = true;
isEnableLeft[row + col] = true;
isEnableRight[row - col + queenNumber-1] = true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
}
<Grid Background="White" Name="GridMain" Width="560" Height="560" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="10" VerticalAlignment="Bottom">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Border Background="{x:Null}" BorderBrush="Black" Grid.ColumnSpan="8" Grid.RowSpan="8" Width="560" Height="560" BorderThickness="4" Panel.ZIndex="1">
</Border>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle1" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle2" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="3" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle3" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle4" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="2" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle5" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle6" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="3"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle7" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="0"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle8" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="2"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle9" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="5" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle10" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="7" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle11" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="4"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle12" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="6" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle13" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="5"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle14" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="7"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle15" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="4"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle16" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="6"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle17" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="1" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle18" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="3" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle19" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="5"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle20" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="7" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle21" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="5" Grid.Column="0"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle22" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="5" Grid.Column="2"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle23" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="5" Grid.Column="4"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle24" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="5" Grid.Column="6"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle25" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="6" Grid.Column="1" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle26" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="6" Grid.Column="3" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle27" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="6" Grid.Column="5"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle28" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="6" Grid.Column="7" />
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle29" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="7" Grid.Column="0"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle30" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="7" Grid.Column="2"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle31" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="7" Grid.Column="4"/>
<Rectangle Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="0" Height="70" Name="rectangle32" Stroke="Black" Width="70" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Fill="#FFB4AFAF" Grid.Row="7" Grid.Column="6"/>
<Grid Grid.ColumnSpan="8" Height="40" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,-53,0,0" Name="grid1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="560" Panel.ZIndex="0" >
<Button Content="开始求解" Height="30" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="startButton" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="100" Panel.ZIndex="2" Foreground="Black" Margin="76,8,0,0" FontFamily="FZDaHei-B02S" FontWeight="Normal" FontStretch="Normal" Click="startButton_Click">
</Button>
<Button Content="test" FontFamily="FZDaHei-B02S" FontStretch="Normal" FontWeight="Normal" Foreground="Black" Height="30" Name="button2" Panel.ZIndex="2" Margin="333,8,127,0" Width="100" Click="button2_Click" />
</Grid>
</Grid>
